Revisionismo e as relações das novas direitas com a ditadura militar no Brasil e na Argentina

Abstract

In the present article, we examine the influence of the revisionist discourse of the far-right, which seeks to deny the crimes committed by military dictatorships in Brazil and Argentina, on the contemporary political landscape. We aim to assess how the far-right movements in these respective countries mobilize this recent past in national politics. By providing a brief historical overview of the dictatorships and their processes of political opening, we highlight the main similarities and differences between the two nations. This is done to understand how these processes influenced the political systems of the new republics and reverberated in shaping the right-wing ideologies in each country. Methodologically, we approach the rise of the far-right in both countries from the interdisciplinary, long-term Braudelian perspective, employing techniques of comparative history. In conclusion, we find that Argentina is currently undergoing a recent process of historical revisionism, marked by disputes over the politicization of memory and consensus that were more firmly established during the redemocratization process. In contrast, in Brazil, where there was no broad and consolidated consensus regarding the dictatorship and where the military continued to be involved in national politics in the "New Republic," the mobilization of this past, at least until now, is oriented towards a future project. This perspective sees the military dictatorship as an antidote to the ongoing crisis of the Brazilian state.