O Brasil e o Regime Internacional de Segurança Cibernética: do Caso Snowden à aprovação da Resolução A/Res/69/166 da ONU

Abstract

This article presents the abridged version of the Monograph “Brazil and the International Cybersecurity Regime: from the Snowden Case to the Approval of UN Resolution A/Res/69/166”. The paper addresses the importance of cybersecurity by analyzing global initiatives in the digital area and discussing Brazilian cybersecurity, as well as its position regarding the episodes of US cyberespionage against the country in 2013, disclosed by former NSA employee Edward Snowden. The scientific method of the paper is explanatory-descriptive, with a bibliographical survey, a report on the problem, and a case study. The main results indicate that Brazil has prioritized realistic premises and the traditional concept of international security, which can be reflected in the 2012 National Defense White Paper (LBDN), in which the military sector has the largest budget (R$20.9 billion), while the Cyber ​​Defense project receives R$839.9 million. The increase in cyber attacks in Brazil, from 3,107 incidents in 1999 to 1,047,031 in 2014 (CERT.br, 2025), has shown that its bureaucratic structure is still not sufficient to prevent cyber attacks. The Snowden case highlighted the cyber espionage practiced by the United States, including Brazil and even its state-owned company. At the international level, cyber defense was securitized with the World Summit on the Information Society and UN Resolution A/RES/68/167. In Brazil, Expresso V3 was developed as a way to guarantee the security of government communications via e-mail and the Brazilian Internet Civil Rights Framework was created, which established the rights and duties of Internet users.

Keywords: Brazilian cybersecurity; US cyberespionage; National sovereignty; Internet Civil Rights Framework; World Summit on the Information Society.